Exploring the current and future structure of Computer Supported Collaborative Learning (CSCL), contrasting the Utopian and Dystopian outcomes if a comprehensive instruction framework is, or is not, introduced. Building on a recent position paper (Rummel, Walker & Aleven, 2016, Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 26(2), 784-795), Nikol Rummel argues against supporting collaborative learners in an overly simplistic manner and for CSCL support provided within a comprehensive instructional framework.